An infectious disease expert has identified three potential viruses that could present a significant risk to human health in 2026. These viruses may be primed to cause infections in unexpected locations or at unexpected magnitudes.
Patrick Jackson, an assistant professor specializing in infectious diseases at the University of Virginia, expressed concerns about the ongoing threat of widespread illnesses. He emphasized the constant evolution of existing viruses and the emergence of new viral threats due to factors such as climate change, urbanization, and increased global travel.
In his analysis for The Conversation, Prof. Jackson highlighted his vigilance towards specific viruses that might trigger unforeseen outbreaks in 2026. Among them is Influenza A, a type of flu virus known for its potential to lead to pandemics. The virus, capable of infecting various animal species, is notorious for its rapid mutation rate.
The expert also drew attention to the risks associated with the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, commonly known as bird flu, which stems from the Influenza A virus. He underscored the potential for this virus to adapt to humans, citing previous instances of transmission from birds to mammals.
Additionally, Prof. Jackson discussed the global concern surrounding mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, which primarily affects rodents but can cross over to humans. He emphasized the severity of the illness caused by mpox and the challenges in treating it effectively.
Another virus of concern highlighted by the expert is Oropouche virus, transmitted by mosquitoes and small biting midges. This insect-borne virus, initially discovered in Trinidad and Tobago, has since spread to various parts of the Americas, causing fever, headache, and muscle aches in infected individuals.
Prof. Jackson warned of the potential for Oropouche outbreaks to persist in travelers returning from affected regions in 2026. He noted the presence of the virus-carrying midges across North and South America, suggesting a likelihood of continued expansion of the virus’s range.
Both the UK Health Security Agency and Prof. Jackson stressed the importance of monitoring and addressing these potential viral threats to mitigate the risks of widespread infections and pandemics in the coming year.